{"id":234537,"date":"2022-04-05T13:01:15","date_gmt":"2022-04-05T08:31:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/melalepersian.com\/%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%db%8c\/"},"modified":"2022-07-26T11:21:39","modified_gmt":"2022-07-26T06:51:39","slug":"bilinguisme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/melalepersian.com\/fr\/bilinguisme\/","title":{"rendered":"Bilinguisme"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans une d\u00e9finition g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, le bilinguisme peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme la ma\u00eetrise compl\u00e8te de parler deux langues. Certains parents veulent que leur enfant apprenne deux langues tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t. Pour y parvenir, une r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale est de mettre l\u2019enfant au contact avec les deux langues qui n’est pas si facile dans les contextes monolingues. Certains pays comme le Canada ou l’Inde sont officiellement consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme des pays bilingues. Au Canada, le fran\u00e7ais et l’anglais sont les langues officielles, et en Inde, l’hindi et l’anglais.<\/p>

L\u2019autre point pour avoir un enfant bilingue, c\u2019est la patience et la pers\u00e9v\u00e9rance des parents.<\/p>

Par la suite, pour clarifier le concept de bilinguisme, nous classifierons ce concept en fonction du moment du d\u00e9but d\u2019apprentissage et du niveau de ma\u00eetrise de la langue.<\/p>

Classification de bilinguisme selon l\u2019\u00e2ge d\u2019apprentissage<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

La classification de bilinguisme selon l\u2019\u00e2ge est de:<\/p>

  1. Bilinguisme pr\u00e9coce: <\/strong>Dans ce bilinguisme, tellement le temps d’apprentissage ant\u00e9rieur des deux langues est plus t\u00f4t, tellement l\u2019apprentissage sera meilleur.<\/li>
  2. Bilinguisme simultan\u00e9: <\/strong>L\u2019enfant apprend les deux langues en m\u00eame temps. Les probl\u00e8mes de la prononciation sont consid\u00e9rablement r\u00e9duits au cas d\u2019apprentissage simultan\u00e9 en enfance.<\/li>
  3. Bilinguisme cons\u00e9cutifs: <\/strong>L’apprentissage de la langue seconde commence apr\u00e8s l\u2019apprentissage de la langue maternelle. Ce processus para\u00eet plus r\u00e9gulier chez les enfants qui ont appris deux langues successivement et les exceptions sont rarement vues.<\/li>
  4. Bilinguisme retard\u00e9: <\/strong>C\u2019est d\u2019essayer d’apprendre une deuxi\u00e8me langue \u00e0 l’\u00e2ge adulte ou apr\u00e8s la pubert\u00e9<\/li><\/ol>

    Il existe de nombreuses diff\u00e9rences entre les linguistes sur la priorit\u00e9 de bilinguisme simultan\u00e9 et cons\u00e9cutif. Mais il semble que l’apprentissage de la langue de quelque mani\u00e8re que ce soit, sera tr\u00e8s pratiques et utiles si les processus \u00e9ducatifs sont corrects.<\/p>

    L\u2019apprentissage avant l’\u00e2ge de trois ans entra\u00eenera un enfant bilingue simultan\u00e9 et apr\u00e8s cet \u00e2ge, l\u2019enfant bilingue cons\u00e9cutif. Le processus du progr\u00e8s linguistique chez les enfants bilingues simultan\u00e9 ou cons\u00e9cutifs est similaire aux enfants monolingue.<\/p>

    Classification de bilinguisme selon la ma\u00eetrise de langue<\/strong><\/h2>

    Certains linguistes divisent le bilinguisme en quatre groupes:<\/p>

    1. Bilinguisme inactif: <\/strong>Dans ce cas, la personne ma\u00eetrise compl\u00e9tement la premi\u00e8re langue et peut comprendre l’autre langue; Mais il est incapable de parler cette langue.<\/li>
    2. Bilinguisme dominant: <\/strong>Dans ce cas, on a plus de ma\u00eetrise dans l’une des deux langues (probablement la langue maternelle). Il a du mal \u00e0 la compr\u00e9hension orale de la deuxi\u00e8me langue<\/li>
    3. Bilinguisme \u00e9quilibr\u00e9: <\/strong>On ma\u00eetrise bien les deux langues. Mais on n\u2019a pas n\u00e9cessairement la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019un locuteur natif.<\/li>
    4. Bilinguisme similaire: <\/strong>On est capable de parler les deux langues en tant que locuteur natif dans n’importe quelle situation. Il s’agit du type le plus d\u00e9fini de bilinguisme et en linguistique c\u2019est consid\u00e9r\u00e9. Certains linguistes croient qu’une personne ne peut pas avoir le m\u00eame niveau dans les deux langues. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les gens bilingues sont plus forts dans leur langue maternelle.<\/li><\/ol>

      <\/p>

      Yule, G. (2020). Study of language<\/em> (7th<\/sup> ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Dans une d\u00e9finition g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, le bilinguisme peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme la ma\u00eetrise compl\u00e8te de parler deux langues. Certains parents veulent que leur enfant apprenne deux langues tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t. Pour y parvenir, une r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale est de mettre l\u2019enfant au contact avec les deux langues qui n’est pas si facile dans les contextes monolingues. Certains pays […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":234542,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[839],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-234537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kids-persian-language-learning"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBilinguisme<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/melalepersian.com\/fr\/bilinguisme\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bilinguisme\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dans une d\u00e9finition g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, le bilinguisme peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme la ma\u00eetrise compl\u00e8te de parler deux langues. 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